FRANK TECHNOLOGY

Can you imagine a fridge which checks its egg tray and reminds you to buy eggs in your mobile phone or orders the nearby grocery store to supply eggs to your home; an air conditioner that can be switched on or off using your mobile phone; or a car that automatically reminds you about filling fuel as you approach a fuel pump? This is being made possible using Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is the concept of connecting all devices like mobile phones, fridges, cars, air conditioners, lamps, wearable devices, etc. To the internet. Each device is provided with a unique IP address which identifies it allows it to transfer data over Internet without human intervention. The huge increase in the number of IP addresses due to the implementation of IPv6 supports the introduction of this technology. The IoT can be used to monitor health of patients and inform the doctor about an urgency, applied to things which helps us reduce wastage like power, water, etc. and improve the way we work and live...

The Global positioning system (GPS) is a network of 24 navigation satellites orbiting the Earth that people can use to pinpoint their position. The satellites orbit at a height of 20000 kilometer. A GPS receiver picks up signals from any of these satellites that are above the horizon. It uses information in each signal to work out how far away it is from satellites. it can calculate its position on the earth's surface when it has information from atleast three satellites. A basic GPS receiver shows the latitude and longitude of its position on its screen. More advanced receivers, especially those designed for use in vehicles, show their position on a digital map. These recevers often show extra  information, such as the vehicle's speed and the length of the journey. Some receivers warn drivers if they exceed the speed limit for a road and even tell drivers which traffic lane to use at next junction. Directions are shown on the screen and also spoken by a synthesized...

  Most electric toasters not only grill slices of bread, they also pop them up when ready. While the slices rest on a spring-loaded rack, electric heating elements toast the bread. At the same time, a bimetallic strip heats and expands. One of the two metals in this strip expands more quickly than the other, causing the strip to curve. As it bends, it completes an electrical circuit and activates an electromagnet. The magnet attracts a catch, releasing the spring that holds the rack down in the toaster. The elements switch off, and the toasted slices pop up.  

Optical microscopes from a magnified image by using lenses to bend light. Some special purpose microscopes used in industry and research  are designed for observing particular material, such as living cells. They produce magnifications of up to about 2000. Electron microscopes produce magnifications of as much as 50 million, although 2 million is more typical. Their images are formed by means of electrons focused by magnetic lenses. There are two main types: scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) scan electrons back and forth across the surface of specimen; transmission electron microscopes (TEMs)  transmit electron through a thin slice of the specimen.

  Threats to computers and networks are a major issue as long as information is accessible and transferred across the Internet. Different defense and detection mechanisms are developed to deal with these attacks 1.FIREWALL A firewall is a system of computer hardware and software that provides security to the computer network in an organisation. A firewall controls the incoming and outgoing network traffic by analysing the data and determining whether they should be allowed through or not, based on a rule set. Firewalls deny malicious data from entering into the computer networks. 2.ANTI-VIRUS SCANNERS Viruses, worms and Trojan horses are all examples of malicious software (malware). Antivirus tools are used to detect them and cure the infected system. Anti-virus software scans files in the computer system for known viruses and removes them if found. The antivirus software uses virus definition file containing signatures (details) of viruses and other malware that are known. When an...

  A Denial of service (DoS) attack is usually aimed at a web server. Such an attack forces the server/computer to restart. An attack in which the attacker's goal is to shut down the target server rather than stealing data is called DoS attacks. This prevents genuine users of a services/website on the web server from using that service. This attack can be done using a single computer called Denial of service (DoS) attack or using more than one computer called Distributed Denial of service (DDoS) attack. We have learned that when we type a website address in the browser and press the enter key, the browser requests for that web page from the server. DoS attacks sends large number of such requests to the server until it collapses under the load and stops functioning. A DoS attack using a computer on a network slows down the network by flooding a server with large number of requests. A DDoS attack uses multiple computers in the network that it has previously infected. These infected. T...

 A computer network may span any account of geographical area. It can be on a table, in a room, in a building, in a city, in a country , across continents or around the world. On the basis of the area covered, computer networks are classified as: PAN - Personal Area Network  LAN - Local Area Network MAN - Metropolitan Area Network WAN - Wide Area Network PERSONAL AREA NETWORK PAN is a network of communicating devices (computer, mobile, tablet, printer, etc.) in the proximity of an individual. It can cover an area of a radius with few meters. When we transfer songs from one cell phone to another or from a PC to an MP3 player, a PAN is set between the two. PAN can be set up using guided media (USB) or unguided media (bluetooth, infrared) LOCAL AREA NETWORK LAN is a network of computing and communicating devices in a room, building, or campus. It can cover an area of radius with a few meters to few kilometers. A networked office building can contain a few small LANs (like some sc...

  Following are the major guidelines for using computers over Internet. Most of the computer viruses are spread through e-mail attachments. Do not open any e-mail attachment that you are not sure about the sender. Download files only from reputed sources. Do not use/copy software that you cannot confirm the origin. Avoid clicking on pop-up advertisements. close them instead Use USB drives with caution. Plugging someone else's USB storage into your computer or plugging your own USB storage into a computer at an Internet cafe/unsafe computer, can spread an infection through USB  storage.  Make sure the firewall is set and turned on. Use strong passwords. Change password at regular intervals. Update the virus definitions of your antivirus program periodically online. Keep a regular backup of your important files on DVD, another hard disk, etc. Be careful about giving personal data online. If you see e-mail message requests for personal data such as telephone number, address,...

This is the list of 5 best laptops in India. This list can help you to choose perfect laptop. 1. acer Aspire 7  Display size : 15.60- inch Display resolution 1920x1080 Processor - Core i5 Touch screen - No RAM - 16 GB Operating system - windows 10 Hard disk - No SSD - 512 GB Graphics - Nvidia Ge Force GT x 1660Ti Weight - 2.15 kg Price in India - Rs 56,490  2. Asus Vivo book Gaming Display - 15.6 inches  Processor - Intel core i5 8th Gen 8300 H Performance - NVIDIA Ge  Force GTX 1650  RAM - 8 GB Weight - 2.14 kg Operating system - windows 10 Home Basic Touch screen - No Price in India - Rs 52,990 3. HP 15 Display size - 15.60 inch Display resolution - 1366 x 768 pixels Processor - APU Quad core RAM - 4 GB Operating system - windows 10  Hard disk - No SSD - 128 GB Weight - 2.90 kg Price in India - Rs 60,391 4. MSI Modern 14 Display size - 14.00 inch Display resolution - 1920 x 1080 pixels Processor - core i3 RAM - 8 GB  Operating system - Windows 10 SSD...

  SOCIAL MEDIA All of us are familiar with wikipedia, the free encyclopedia in Internet. We have also heard about people responding to social issues through facebook, twitter, etc. Also we know that people use youtube to share videos and for promotion of products or business. All of these are part of social media which is changing the way we communicate, entertain and live. Social media refers to the use of mobile and web based technologies through which individuals and communities can create, share, discuss and modify content. In social media, interactions among people happen in virtual communities and network over Internet. These digital technologies influence the formation and activities of civil communities to a great extent. CLASSIFICATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA INTERNET FORUMS An Internet forum is an online discussion web site where people can engage in conversations in the form of posted messages. Each Internet forum will have sub forums which may have several topics. Each discussi...

  A captcha is a test used in the process of using computer internet to ensure that the response is generated by a person.  It consists of letters and digits in a distorted manner. You have to type the same letters and digits in the box. It prevents the misuse of e-mail addresses by some other person. When your account has been created, you will see the first webpage appearing on your computer screen.

  A  man in middle attack refers to an attack in which an attacker secretly intercepts electronic messages between the sender and the receiver and then captures, inserts and modifies messages during message transmission. If sender transmits messages without appropriate security, the attacker may exploit the vulnerabilities in the network to capture and modify the messages and send the modified messages to the receiver. Since the network transmission still works properly, both the sender and receiver will find it difficult to notice that the messages have been trapped or modified by an intruder. If we use such a computer for online transactions, the man in the middle may capture our bank account number and password to steal money, leading to financial loss. Encrypted connections such as HTTPS (HTTP Secure), SFTP (Secure FTP) etc. should be used for secure transactions, so that intruders cannot modify the messages. 

  Green computing is the study and practice of environmentally sustainable computing or IT. Green computing is the designing, manufacturing, using and disposing of computers and associated components such as monitors, printers, storage devices, etc., efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment. One of the earliest initiatives towards green computing was the voluntary labelling program known as 'Energy Star '. It was conceived by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1992 to promote energy efficiency in hardware of all kinds. The Energy star label has become a common sight, especially in notebook computers and displays. Similar programmes have been adopted in Europe and Asia. Government regulations is only a part of an overall green computing idea. The work habits of computer users and business firms have to be modified to minimize adverse impact on the global environment. Here are some steps that can be taken:  Turn off computer when not in ...

 The benefits of using e-mail facility are listed below. Speed : An e-mail is delivered instantly to any location across the globe. We can send the same e-mail to multiple users simultaneously.  Easy to use : We can send and receive e-mails, organise our daily conversations and save them easily on our computer. Provision of attachments : The attachment feature allows to send pictures, files, documents, etc. along with e-mail. Environment friendly : e-mails do not use paper and save a lot of trees from being cut down. Reply to an e-mail : When we need to replay to an e-mail, we can use the provision of attaching previous e-mails as reference. It helps to refresh the recipient about the subject. Cost effective: When compared to fax or conventional mail, e-mail is less expensive. Available anywhere anytime : Messages can be read at user's convenience. Access to mail box is available anytime.

Phishing is a type of identity theft that occurs online. Phishing is an attempt to acquire information such as usernames, passwords and credit card details by posing as the original website, mostly that of banks and other financial institutions. Phishing websites have URLs and home pages similar to their original ones. The act of creating such a misleading website is called spoofing. People are persuaded to visit these spoofed websites through e-mails. Users are tempted to type their usernames, passwords, credit, card numbers, etc. in these web pages and lose them to these websites. These frauds use this information to steal money. Phishing is currently the most widespread financial threat on the Internet.

  As we know today, the internet has become very popular and almost all organisations and people around the world are joining it. Earlier, people used the internet to search for information and check e-mails only, but today it is used to book train tickets, recharge mobile phones, internet banking and a lot more. Therefore almost all of us require an internet connection in our computers and mobile devices. The following are the hardware and software requirements for connecting computer to the internet A computer with network interface card (wired/wireless) facility and an operating system that supports TCP/IP protocol Modem Telephone connection An internet account given by an internet service provider (ISP) Software like browser, client application for e-mail, chat, etc. Nowadays desktop computers or laptops are not the only devices that we use to connect to the internet. People have also started using tablets, smart phones, etc. to browse the internet. some of these devises come w...

The Internet started as a small network through a project by the United States Department of defence by the name ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). During 1970s this military network was connected to the computers of universities and companies that worked for the department of defence. In 1984 the military network split from ARPANET which used TCP/IP protocol for communication was thereafter used for scientific research and information sharing. Later, several other network merged with ARPANET to form a large network.  ARPANET is considered as the first wide area network (WAN). Vinton Gray Cerf who was instrumental in the development of Internet and TCP/IP protocol, is considered as the father of Internet              In 1989, Tim Berners Lee , a researcher, proposed the idea of World Wide Web (WWW). Tim Berners Lee and his team are credited with inventing Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), HTML and the technology for a web ser...

  Some of the advantages of computers that set it apart from jobs that humans perform are: 1.Speed A computers works at exceedingly high speeds. Millions of instruction (simple mathematical ones) per second was a normal speed of  computer about decade ago. These speeds are electronic in nature while humans can never reach such speeds of work execution. The speed of a computer is determined by its PROCESSOR. 2.Accuaracy A computer works accurately. The accuracy of computer output is limited only by the accuracy of the input provided to computer. This phenomenon is known as GIGO i.e. Garbage In Garbage out. So if the input is erroneous, the output will also be erroneous. 3.Diligence  A computer is very diligent in how it executes the instructions given to it. Unlike humans, who sometimes get bored by repetitive work or slack off for no reason, computers work endlessly unless met with system failure or power outage or human interventions. 4.Easy to learn Although the compute...

  Advancement of IT was positively impacted the health care sector. Computer help in easing out inventory management, patient management and various kinds of tests that are carried out at hospitals to chech for health of various internal organs, computers have had a hand in easing all this out. Many of the tests which are carried out by help of computers are : 1.Computerized Axial Tomography Machine This is used to take 3D pictures of internal organs so that the doctor can view them and diagnose. In short, this is known as CAT. 2.Magnetic Resonance Imaging This is used to check the images of internal organs and parts to determine what has gone wrong. 3.ECG This is used to view the health of the heart. It stands for Electrocardiogram. It gives as output the beat frequency of the heart. On studying this output, doctors can diagnose the condition of the heart. 4.EEG The Electroencephalogram is used to take record of activities of the brain. Small receptors are attached to the brain. T...

The future of education within India look bright. The classroom has been made so that delivering a lecture is easier and learning of the students better. Internet itself has got a complete makeover in this decade with educational learning platforms like Byjus, Topper, simplilearn, etc. Even smart boards are used and vSat technology is used to teach students over the internet. Even if you have missed classes at the collage, you still can learn that particular course over the internet by YouTube or Khan Academy.  Education is still, even today, a teacher thing. However, going where it has not gone before, IT helps explain the concepts in science, maths and even engineering in a life like, real way. This way the student able to grasp the concept being taught better. But it is a continuous process. Each generation needs to grow the previous generation's achievements with there own ones. This is the blueprint that will lead to advancement of our nation in science and maths in schools an...